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On the western front, the American Fifth Army, commanded by Lieutenant General Mark W. The Allied landings in Italy in September 1943 by two Allied armies, following shortly after the Allied landings in Sicily in July, commanded by General Sir Harold Alexander, the Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C) of the 15th Army Group (later retitled the Allied Armies in Italy), were followed by an advance northward on two fronts, one on each side of the central mountain range forming the 'spine' of Italy. ( May 2017) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This section needs additional citations for verification.

9.3 United States military history reviews.

6.3 Clark captures Rome but fails to trap German Tenth Army.2.6 II Corps in the mountains north of Cassino.2.5 French Corps halted on the right flank.2.4 II Corps try north of Cassino: 24 January.2.3 Main attack: II Corps in the centre, 20 January.2.2 First assault: X Corps on the left, 17 January.The capture of Monte Cassino resulted in 55,000 Allied casualties, with German losses estimated at around 20,000 killed and wounded. The German defenders were finally driven from their positions, but at a high cost. Following this Allied victory, the German Senger Line collapsed on 25 May. On 18 May, a Polish flag followed by the British Union Jack were raised over the ruins. On 16 May, soldiers from the Polish II Corps launched one of the final assaults on the German defensive position as part of a twenty- division assault along a twenty-mile front. The raid failed to achieve its objective, as German paratroopers then occupied the rubble and established excellent defensive positions amid the ruins.Д«etween 17 January and 18 May, Monte Cassino and the Gustav defences were assaulted four times by Allied troops. On 15 February American bombers dropped 1,400 tons of high explosives, creating widespread damage. Fears escalated along with casualties and in spite of a lack of clear evidence, it was marked for destruction. Repeated accurate artillery attacks on Allied assault troops caused their leaders to conclude the abbey was being used by the Germans as an observation post, at the very least. Lying in a protected historic zone, it had been left unoccupied by the Germans, although they manned some positions set into the steep slopes below the abbey's walls. Monte Cassino, a historic hilltop abbey founded in ADВ 529 by Benedict of Nursia, dominated the nearby town of Cassino and the entrances to the Liri and Rapido valleys. Together, these features formed the Gustav Line. The intention was a breakthrough to Rome.ДЄt the beginning of 1944, the western half of the Winter Line was being anchored by Germans holding the Rapido- Gari, Liri and Garigliano valleys and some of the surrounding peaks and ridges.

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The Battle of Monte Cassino (also known as the Battle for Rome and the Battle for Cassino) was a series of four assaults by the Allies against the Winter Line in Italy held by Axis forces during the Italian Campaign of World War II.

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